ABSTRACT This paper explores the validity of the Cultural Imperialism Theory which says the Western culture has dominated the cultures of developing Nations. Besides aggressively marketing its own products, cultural imperialism essay, Disney is also believed to be an active medium of advocacy for Apple technological products. The style was later popularized by hip-hop artists in the s. Cultural imperialism essay long as Third World countries continue to air Western Civilization’s programs then the third world countries will always believe they should act, feel, think, and live as Western Civilizations act, feel, think, and live. The passive type of cultural imperialism is what largely takes place today. Thus a model new pattern was born and Nigerians have fallen into this development Linguistic Imperialism Language is doubtless considered one of the principal parts in figuring out a selected culture and the absence of it makes a tradition unidentifiable. What usually happens is the state will order a set number of inmate uniforms, cultural imperialism essay.
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This paper explores the validity of the Cultural Imperialism Theory which says the Western culture has dominated the cultures of developing Nations. It examines to what extent and how the Western world in the real sense has dominated the developing countries. The study further examined the means through which the developing countries are being dominated culturally by the Western culture. The paper further looked at both the negative and the positive effects of cultural imperialism, cultural imperialism essay. It concluded that though the western world is succeeding in eroding the culture of developing countries and Nigeria as a study, cultural imperialism essay, Nigeria as a Nation should put on some safety belt in safeguarding our heritage.
Culture is the way of life of a set of people. It encompasses the knowledge, ideas, beliefs, values, standards, and sentiments prevalent in the group. According to Charles A. Ellwood, cultural imperialism essay, an American Sociologist, culture is the “collective name for all behavior patterns socially acquired and socially transmitted by means of symbols”. Dare A. The Theorist of Cultural Imperialism theory, Herb Schiller postulated that Western nations dominate the media around the world which in return has a powerful effect on Cultural imperialism essay World Cultures by means of imposing on them, western views thereby destroying their native cultures Western Civilization produces the majority of the media film, news, comics, etc.
because they have the money to do so. The rest of the world purchases those productions because it is cheaper for them to do so rather than produce their own, cultural imperialism essay. Therefore, Third World countries are watching media filled with the Western cultural imperialism essay way of living, believing, and thinking. The third world cultures then start to want and do the same things in their countries and destroy their own culture. In cultural Imperialism theory, the key words are culture and imperialism.
According to Anaeto G. and Osifeso, J. This means that the programmes from the developed counties which portray their culture will be imbibed by the developing nations. This western culture now dominates our local culture simply because we are consuming their mass media messages”. The assumptions of the theory according to Schiller, H. Ontological Assumptions 2. Epistemological Assumptions. This theory says that humans do not have the free will to chose how they feel, act, think, and live. Cultural imperialism essay react to what they see on television because there is nothing else to compare it to besides their own lives, usually portrayed as less than what it should be, cultural imperialism essay. Epistemological Assumptions This theory explains that there is one truth and no matter what that truth never going to change.
As long as Third World countries continue to cultural imperialism essay Western Civilization’s programs then the third world countries will always believe they should act, cultural imperialism essay, feel, think, and live as Western Civilizations act, feel, think, and live. Axiological Assumptions This theory is value-neutral and objective. It does not matter what beliefs the people of Third World may already hold, the television programs from the Western World will communicate the same message and affect them in the same way. The critiques of the Cultural Imperialism theory came up with scientific theory which counter-argued the theory with the following responses: Explanatory Power: It explains what happens when one group of people with their own ideas sends messages through the media to a different group of people.
Predictive Power: It cultural imperialism essay that Third World countries’ culture will be destroyed and the people will identify with Western views. Cultural imperialism essay We can see a direct linear path from sender to receiver through the media cultural imperialism essay and then watch the effects. Falsifiability: The theory could be proved false should the Third World countries not be affected by Western media and they do not lose their culture. G “Under the intriguing title Seducing the FrenchRichard F. Kuisel concedes that the French underwent a process of Americanization. But at the same time, they succeeded in defending their “Frenchness, cultural imperialism essay. Internal Consistency: There is a logical flow of events and consequences within the theory.
Heuristic Provocativeness: This theory could lead to new hypotheses such as which cultures are affected more than others if any or whether low context differ in the reception of messages compared top high context cultures? Organizing Power: This fits with what we cultural imperialism essay know about differences between Western civilization and Third World countries. Another example the critique stated is that “if an International Broadcast station shows a video depicting Nigerians as corrupt, dangerous and malnourished, should someone in Nigeria watch this the Cultural imperialism essay stereotype of Nigerians, and not affected by it, the theory have been proved false”. John, T. It is a process of cultural loss and not of cultural expansion. There never were groups of conspirators who attempted to spread any particular culture, cultural imperialism essay.
Instead, global technological and economic progress and integration reduced the importance of national culture. Therefore, it is misleading to put the blame for a global development on any one culture. The notion of imperialism that is, purposeful cultural conquest is irrelevant; instead, all countries, regardless of whether they are located in the northern or southern hemisphere, are victims of a worldwide cultural change. Tracing world history all through the era of colonialism, there have been histories of cultural imperialism which will seem the only way to explain the popularity of the very-British game cricket in all countries that once served as British colonies. Invasion of a country cultural imperialism essay often doesn’t end with an invasion of the geographical territories within the political boundaries alone.
Religious and cultural invasion are often inseparable parts of a political conquest. It’s much easier to rule if your subjects share the same religious and cultural platforms as the invaders? The cultural imperialism theory is founded upon the premises of imposing the influences and beliefs of the stronger culture the invaders upon the weaker or more submissive culture the invaded. How cultural imperialism essay this cultural Imperialism take place? Such a cultural invasion can either be active or passive. In its active form, the dominant culture forcefully imposes its cultural influences upon the dominated culture. This is a dynamic phenomenon where the subordinate culture is compelled to adopt the ways of the invaders.
The passive form is when one culture not necessarily subordinate voluntarily embraces the influences and traditions of another culture. Here, the dominant culture makes little or no forceful efforts in imposing its cultural ideals upon another but the latter gets influenced as a consequence of its receptivity to the former’s cultural impacts. The passive form of cultural imperialism is what largely takes place today. Cultural imperialism can also occur due to the significant commercial relations between two countries.
A country heavily importing products and services of another country may get significantly influenced by the exporting cultural imperialism essay lifestyle attributes and social values, cultural imperialism essay. We can see this phenomenon in the form of Westernization of cultural imperialism essay number of Cultural imperialism essay countries. This is a type of passive cultural imperialism as the receiving culture adopts the foreign values without perceiving the fact that they are, in fact, becoming slaves of a foreign culture. English cultural imperialism has been rife in the history of cultural imperialism.
Latin which has the Church’s official language to popularizing its national game all across its colonies was changed to English. The British Empire left no stone unturned to make sure that its subjects adhered to its cultural idiosyncrasies even decades after ceasing to be its subjects. The fact that Cricket is among the top ten most popular sports around the world with an estimated 3 billion fan following, cultural imperialism essay in countries like Australia, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, New Zealand and certain African and Caribbean countries proves the strength of the English cultural imperialism. It is also a known fact that English is the third most spoken language after Mandarin and Spanish. Decades of dominion and repressive policies towards Tibet, Taiwan and various other neighboring regions by China has had a significant influence upon the religion and culture of these regions, cultural imperialism essay.
The aggressive promotion of a standardized Chinese language across Mainland China and Cultural imperialism essay indicates towards an attempted cultural imperialism aimed at overtaking regional dialects in these areas. Also, the fact that most traditional aspects of the Chinese culture pertaining cultural imperialism essay religious beliefs, festivals and social norms significantly inundate the socio cultural edifices of various Oriental countries indicate towards strongly existing cultural imperialism. The most widespread and still continuing instance of cultural imperialism can be seen in the form of Americanization.
This is mostly due to the multitudes of commercial relationships the United States holds with a large number of countries in all parts of the world. This is definitely passive cultural imperialism and the countries that are most affected are those that have voluntarily adopted the stereotyped American lifestyle values and specific cultural aspects. Sagging has become the latest phenomenon among the cultural imperialism essay youths today in Nigeria. It is what is in vogue; if you have not exposed the lower part of your private, you belong to the old school system. What is sagging and where did it come from? According to Greg, cultural imperialism essay, M. Belts are sometimes prohibited to keep prisoners from using them as weapons or in committing suicide by hanging themselves.
The style was later popularized by hip-hop artists in the s. Cultural imperialism essay has since become a symbol of freedom and cultural awareness among some cultural imperialism essay or a symbol of their rejection of the values of mainstream society. Jails are typically state run institutions. What usually happens is the state will order a set number of inmate uniforms. These uniforms are usually in general sizes like small, medium and large; making them ill-fitting for most inmates. When a medium sized inmate comes in and there are no remaining medium uniforms this inmate will receive a large instead. Prisoners are not allowed to have shoe laces or belts for fear cultural imperialism essay use them to kill themselves by way of strangulation or hangingcultural imperialism essay, or as weapons to kill or injure other inmates, cultural imperialism essay.
The combination of over sized clothing and lack of fastening devices created the perfect storm for falling pants. Many street hungry rappers latched on the dress of their incarcerated friends and family and brought the style to the masses. Thus a new trend was born and Nigerians have fallen into this trend Linguistic Imperialism Language is one of the principal elements in identifying a particular culture and the absence of it makes a culture unidentifiable. It is vital for cultural transmission and preservation.
With the gradual loss of our indigenous languages in Nigeria, cultural imperialism essay, what culture are we then preserving? Ogwu, M. and Ofordile, cultural imperialism essay, J. describes Linguistic Imperialism as “People who can relate with each other only through the medium of communication foisted on them by a former colonist are victims of a peculiar kind of Schizophrenia”. The use of our language is declining in Africa especially Nigeria because we are compelled to embrace Western culture and civilization as Western language. Western language has created a division between an elite and mass of our people who still cannot do business with foreign language. It causes alienation for people who cannot speak English or French.
Language is a vehicle of culture; we are in a very serious problem. Parents also do not encourage their children or wards to speak in their local language as they belief it causes setback in their education, cultural imperialism essay. Fashion imperialism You hardly find few of our men, women and the youths who still embrace our cultural mode of dressing.
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s and 30? s, people were more likely to watch foreign films. As the U. The Cause Effect of Imperialism in Movies Indubitably, language, lifestyle, value and ideology would be affected from over exposed of Hollywood movies. The most possible effect would generally be language. When movies are made in English and watched worldwide, they gained popularity and this attracts the audience to imitate the English speaking behavior, the American slang. The best way to learn about another culture would be through their language which would create mutual understanding between the two. However, the more people are exposed to western movies; it is most likely for them to lose their own identity and culture.
They would begin to adopt American lifestyles from the way they behave, dressed and even how they express their feelings according to the movies they have been exposed to. Value and ideology would be affected as well. This could be seen from most western movies that freedom seemed to be the main ideology of America. Freedom must be granted and to fight was to gain freedom. This however has made many of their audiences believed that freedom could bring peace and they require more freedom in their life. Disney — Imperialism through Mass Media Perhaps this connection to cultural imperialism is remotely broad predicated, however the argument one can debate on is that these commodities bring with them Western imperialistic thought and perception, by subliminal brainwashing of children from a very adolescent age to be hooked on to Disney cartoons and cartoon characters.
The political-economy perspective argues that the homogenisation of culture and communication through cultural imperialism leads to shared values and ideologies. In addition to which reflects a particular ideology on being a social phenomenon of American media, fashion, and food dominating the global market and shaping the cultures and identities of other nations. The Hollywood star system was created as a business strategy designed to generate large audiences and differentiate entertainment programs and products, and has been used for many years to provide increasing revenue on production investments. The Walt Disney Company. Disney is the quintessence of cultural imperialism. Inevitably, Disney animated films, movies and characters have become an integral part of children culture.
Besides generating profits from the sales of Disney films, Disney products have become a cultural commodity. The term cultural commodity refers to products of the print and audio-visual industries including movies, television, publishing, radio and music. These products are conveyances for the transmission of values, lifestyles and ideologies that many optically discern as corrosive to the recipient culture. With the popularization of American culture through media conglomerates such as Disney, questions have been raised as to what effects these cultural commodities, or America by and large, are having on the values of societies and, in turn, on the realm of politics.
The Effects of Disney Propaganda During World War II, Disney generated what could arguably be the most effective war time propaganda. In an effort to get support from the Americans, who had been growing up with Disney, for the government bond purchases, Disney was asked to create a cartoon series to put the US Army in the limelight. The highlights of this series were two episodes that proved to be essential to the American war efforts. The cartoon ends with Donald waking from his dream and remembering how fortunate he was to have such a wealth of privileges living in America. Disney as a Megacorporation Under the tutelage of Disney and other mega corporations, children have become an audience captive not only to traditional forms of media such as film, television and print, but even more so to the incipient digital media made easily accessible through mobile phones, tablets, laptop computers and the Internet.
Besides aggressively marketing its own products, Disney is also believed to be an active medium of advocacy for Apple technological products. Often seen in popular Disney TV franchises such as High School Musical , Hannah Montana and the Jonas Brothers are technological gadgets bearing the familiar Apple logo. and Pixar Studios, thus explaining the frequent appearance of Apple products in Disney movies. By targeting children whose minds are more impressionable than adults, Apple has been successful in exerting its dominance in the technological world through Disney, illustrating another aspect of cultural imperialism in the 21st century. Conclusion It is clear that the American culture plays a significant role in the imperialistic transfer of their culture to the world.
At a subconscious level, the western lifestyle has affected the Asian traditional social structure and social consumption. As a result, our culture is superseded by the American way of life and their reach, have proved to be beneficial to the American multinational companies. In a way, even though cultural imperialism is creating a connection among all the nations, it is also causing tension among different people. Despite the cultural diversity in the U. Hopefully in this current generation, which is considerably to be more open minded, they will be more inclined to travel and learn about the different ways people live today. Free Essays Topics Essay Checker Hire Writer Login. Free essay samples Imperialism Cultural Imperialism.
Cultural Imperialism 8 August Hire verified writer. Cultural Imperialism Essay Example. On the other hand, it can be said that once the imperialist leaves its colony, the people may now benefit from the technology left behind. This is a poor way to create a "good result" from imperialism. there good and there is bad. The imperialism that took place because of industrialization and nationalism was good and bad. On the good side, it helped Europe make better roads, farming conditions and even in the advancement of technology. On the low end or bad side, imperialism and nationalism made the United States destroy Native Indian cultures. Imperialism is good because it gives the natives a chance to be converted.
Generally speaking, most people define Imperialism negatively because it was the expropriation of land, resources, and often identity from indigenous peoples elsewhere on the globe. Imperialism certainly created benefits for the metropoles e. the countries doing the imperialism , but gained those benefits by forcing the indigenous people to submit to oppressive rule. htm this website has a good analysis of herbert schiller's take on cultural imperialism hope it helps! The US style of imperialism differed from European styles of imperialism in terms of scope and magnitude. Rudyard Kipling doesn't pass judgment on Imperialism as good or bad. He treats it more as inescapable. The "benevolent" protector looking after a native population incapable of taking care of themselves is presented as an extension of the "natural order" of things.
Anti-imperialism is any belief or practice which opposes imperialism. The date my good man, is the difference. Look for the events taking place between the years NOT imperialism before you begin to look for the difference. The invaders and controllers of country's made a lot of money. Other then that there were none. NOTE: To the person who answered this before me, you can't honestly say that there were no positive results of imperialism. The spread of Democracy through US imperialism can be considered a positive result, and the Philippines actually progressed socially because of our involvement.
Just because people may not realize it, doesn't mean that imperialism can't be good. Cultural imperialism is talking about different imperialism. It is also talking about the cultural. Anti-imperialism, strictly speaking, is a term that may be applied to a movement opposed to any form of colonialism or imperialism. It also includes people opposing the expansion of a country beyond earlier borders. Pro-imperialism is any movement that is for imperialism. Imperialism is a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. The league argued that Imperialism went against American principles. The league argued that imperialism went against American principles.
Log in. History of the United States. History of Europe. Ancient History. History of Africa. Study now. See answer 1. Best Answer. This answer is: �� Helpful. Study guides. US Civil War 20 cards. Why were poll taxes created. What is a graduated income tax. What sparked the beginning of the Civil War. When Abraham Lincoln was elected president what was the result for the southern states. Q: How is Imperialism Good? Write your answer Related questions. Did imperialism do more harm than good in Africa? What was good about imperialism during the opium wars? Is imperialism a good thing? What is a good game similar to imperialism II? Is imperialism good or bad for Niger?
What were the social and economic factors of European imperialism?
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